PROTECTION OF PRIVACY IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS essays

PROTECTION OF PRIVACY IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS essays Protection of privacy is an important issue and one that has often been passionately debated in political, social and business circles since privacy is no longer a free commodity. There was once a time when we could take privacy for granted but with advanced technology and better modes of communication taking over rapidly, privacy has become a debatable issue and the most serious concern of business organizations is how should privacy be protected without compromising the organizational need for security. In his article Right to Privacy in the Workplace in the Information, Lloyd Rich (1995) maintains that while the constitution doesn't explicitly grant rights to privacy, Supreme Court has over the years advocated more privacy and has supported the individual's right to a private right under Fourth Amendment. The main concern of employees today is protection of their private communication conducted through and saved on computers. The email that an employee sends is meant for the recipient only and he world thus not appreciate it being intercepted by the employer. However the employer feels that for the sake of the security of the entire organization, it is his duty to monitor private communication. The dilemma arises: should we allow the employers to invade our privacy or should be invoke our constitutional rights to privacy and stop any violation of the This article helps us understand what exactly are our privacy rights under the constitution so we can protect them if an employer seeks to violate them. Rich explains that Fourth Amendment doesn't offer complete protection of privacy in private employee-employer cases. In other words, he maintains that Fourth Amendment applies where government is the primary "actor". If government is involved in illegal searches and seizures, we can invoke privacy rights under 4th Amendment, however the same doesn't apply to civil ...

Brief History Of HBL Commerce Essay

Brief History Of HBL Commerce Essay Stragtegic Human Resource Management helps an organization achieve productivity and effectiveness, by sharing the overall vision of the organization, sharing goals and objectives, and making sure that Human Resource is not just a department, but the whole organization speaks of HR as the core division, which means that organization is employee centered. Strategic HR changed a number of things in HBL. It updated the way plans were made, shifting to strategic plans, from a one-man show to bringing everybody on board, encouraging idea generation and sharing proposals, different departments sharing their plans of what to look for in the coming year and democratic decision making by appointing a Strategic Planning Division and appointing member from the Board of Directors that goes through each plan and then the CEO communicating the approved plan to the departmental heads. By this, the plan became not just an objective, but more of a bible. At HBL, after the privatization, a number of i nitiatives were taken, from right sizing and getting rid of lethargic employees, to introducing golden handshake schemes, from moving to performance management system to inducting young blood that brings in creative ideas. Concepts like employee engagement and job rotation became part of the policy, organization-wide rewards programs were introduced. An inevitable change in culture was also accomplished, it from the seniority based to performance based culture. Overall structure of the organization was also made flatter, removing additional levels and bureaucracy. INTRODUCTION TO HBL It is the prime Bank in country established in 1941 having a registered head office in Karachi. It was nationalized in 1974, but recently on 26th February 2004 it has been privatized by Government of Pakistan and is taken over by Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED). They acquired 51 percent of shares of HBL. It is one of the largest Banks of Pakistan with 1439 branches, having total assets o f Rs. 1,139,554,000, 5 million total number of customers helping in generating Rs 13 million profit currently. Brief History of HBL HBL established operations in Pakistan in 1947 and moved its head office to Karachi. Our first international branch was established in Colombo, Sri Lanka in 1951 and Habib Bank Plaza was built in 1972 to commemorate the bank’s 25th Anniversary. With a domestic market share of over 40%, HBL was nationalized in 1974 and it continued to dominate the commercial banking sector with a major market share in inward foreign remittances (55%) and loans to small industries, traders and farmers. International operations were expanded to include the USA, Singapore, Oman, Belgium, Seychelles and Maldives and the Netherlands. On December 29, 2003 Pakistan’s Privatization Commission announced that the Government of Pakistan had formally granted the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED) rights to 51% of the shareholding in HBL, against an investme nt of PKR 22.409 billion (USD 389 million). On February 26, 2004, management control was handed over to AKFED. The Board of Directors was reconstituted to have four AKFED nominees, including the Chairman and the President/CEO and three Government of Pakistan nominees. BUSINESS DIVISIONS AT HBL HBL has a wide array of customers, belonging to a wide range of business divisions, from individuals to corporate, from Islamic banking to commercial banking. They are divided into three main categories, as follows:

International Law, the Vienna convention on the law of treaties 1969 Essay

International Law, the Vienna convention on the law of treaties 1969 - Essay Example recognized as such by the British expert Lord McNair, who recalled the MOU as "an informal but nevertheless legal agreement" between two or more parties. The State Sovereignty has the attributes of entering into agreements and treaties with foreign powers. No state can protect itself from the rest of the countries of the world on matters of foreign affairs or relations, international trade, environmental issues, communications or finance. This was strongly implemented after World War II. The great advances made in the field of communications and information technology and the arrival of globalization has made independent States inter-dependent on each other. Treaties can have a significant impact upon the economy and social and political situation of the country and to its people. Nowadays every State has either entered or in the course of entering into treaties be it multilateral or bilateral. Treaties need to have a proper set of laws after a comprehensive study of a particular matter and its perverse effects it can have on food security, indigenous knowledge, health care, the security and the life and livelihood of the citizens – whether beneficial or prejudicial. The treaty-making power is highly potent and can also have some serious harmful effects if not revised carefully. The parliament of a country’s government is competent to make a law and so treaty-making power is not within the exclusive competence of the Executive. it is obvious that the Parliament is competent to make a law with respect to the several matters mentioned in the above entries. In other words, treaty-making is not within the exclusive competence of the Executive. In theory, it is always open to the Parliament to condemn a treaty entered into by the Executive where the treaty will have to affect whatever. Moreover, if any treaty or agreement violates any of the provisions of the Cons titution, it would be totally incompetent and ineffective and even the Vienna Convention would not

Me, My Country and IR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Me, My Country and IR - Essay Example According to the Morales (2), the conflict between the United States of America and Cuba has been there for a very long time. However, the conflict reached its peak when Cuba’s dictators took over power in 1959. The regime repressed political opponents, restricted fundamental freedoms, and violated human rights. The ensuing conflict made my grandfather to migrate from Cuba to the United States with several other disgruntled Cubans. De La Torre (34) found out that the Cuban-Americans are the third dominant Hispanic group in the U.S. certain areas have large populations of immigrant Cubans. Based on the 2010 census, there were 1,785,540 Cuban-Americans (both native and foreign born). South Florida alone has over 856,000 Cuban-Americans due to its proximity to Cuba (De La Torre, 45). The region stands out as the largest Cuban-American community. Furthermore, in 2013, a report by the American Community Survey found out that the number of Cuban-Americans has increased to 2,013,150 (Kami, 187-188). My grandfather migrated in the United States in the 19th century both as a labor immigrant as well as due to the authoritarian Cuban regime. Most of the immigrants considered the U.S. as a favored destination. Upon arrival, he told me he experienced various problems including inability to find stable work and language barrier which forced him to take English language classes. I have read in various articles that these problems are still experienced by immigrants. In 1960, the U.S. imposed an embargo on Cuba and later broke diplomatic relations with the nation in 1961. The dispute was as a result of the expropriation of American properties by the Cuban government combined with its decision to adopt a one-party communist way of governance. The U.S. blockaded Cuba in the process. Today, Cuba is the only blockaded nation globally. However, there is still debate on the U.S.

The Lady of Shallot Essay -- Lady of Shalott Essays

The Lady of Shallot    "The Lady of Shallot," by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, acts as a voice for people struggling with materialism of the industrial age. Tennyson became famous for reflecting the "idealism of an industrious society that was nonetheless racked by deep doubts about its materialism" (The Longman Anthology Of British Literature p. 1908). The curse of the mysterious lady of the poem could be thought of   as the curse of the people subcombing to the dreaded materialism and giving up the Victorian innocent ideals. Furthermore, the lady represents Tennyson himself as he suffered from a personal battle between the desire for glamour's fame, and the need to stay an innocent poet. In Looking at the viewpoint of Tennyson towards Victorian tailed by an industrial society, we can both get a glance at the curse of the poet and the lady of his poem. Before Tennyson became rich and famous, the poet lived in desolation both financially and socially.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tennyson embodied the "Victorian gospel of hard work", as evidenced in the way he "labored patiently, in poverty, w...

Why New Zealand?

New Zealand is rated as one of the best places to study, work and live. The innate support for high tech industries, ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) thrive under the ecosystem as setup by the government. New Zealand also comes with a great ecosystem for the tourism and adventure sports industries. The country boasts of having some of the finest culinary masters, hospitality experts and extreme sports adrenaline junkies. Whether you are looking for a job as a fresher or as an experienced professional (with the required accreditation), New Zealand provides a plethora of options. New Zealand is one of the safest countries to explore yourself with a diverse international population that is a part of a very vibrant multi-cultural society. You can review an archive of student experiences in New Zealand over here, on the New Zealand Government website, One of the most important aspects of becoming an international student, is the â€Å"Student Experience†. As a part of our education system, Indian students are generally expected to forgo most extra-curricular activities and vacations in the pursuit of staying ahead. However, in New Zealand, as a part of your student experience, you will be encouraged to participate in local events, take part in cultural sports activities like Rugby, go on a break to some of the most serene beaches in the entire world. Who doesn't want to go surfing while getting their Masters done right?How to select the right University in New Zealand?Here's a list of the best ranked universities –University of Auckland: This is New Zealand's largest and most comprehensive university with 40,000 + students, researchers and faculty. Whether you are looking for the latest courses on emerging technologies like Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, CRISPR Genetics, this University has go t you covered.University of Otago: University of Otago comes with a rich cultural history of being NZ's oldest and one of the most predominant universities. A 150 year old history with a groundbreaking alumni circle, University of Otago offers a unique experience like no other.University of Canterbury: University of Canterbury boasts of some of the world's best research programs for post graduates. Compounded with a very relaxed policy on Scholarships and an acute focus on placements and job fairs, University of Canterbury sits at the top of our list.University of Victoria: University of Victoria focuses on creative thinking providing extraordinary environment to every student with fantastic exposure. University of Victoria also offers the world's first indigenous law degree.Massey University: Massey University has campuses in Auckland, Wellington, Manavatu, offers 67 undergraduate major, 89 programs and 1148 staffs.The list above is not exhaustive, instead, it is to give you a tast e of how an education in New Zealand could possibly change your life. Our admissions counselors are tied up with some of the best Universities in this country and ease of acceptance is purely on your ability to generate merit. There's a cornucopia of options when it comes to Universities here, from schools specializing in Medicine and Pharmaceutical research to Financial Engineering and Economic research, to Artificial Intelligence and Core Computer Science, Veterinary, Food Technology, NZ comes with a set of some of the world's best universities, faculties, and thus students. The question to be asked is, what would you like to make yourself into? With a widespread variety of options available for students to specialize themselves into the right industry, we advise you not to go with the social media trend or your neighbor's suggestions, we encourage you to speak to us and people working in the industry, within NZ, so that you get the best expert opinion about these crucial steps. Remember, this is a decision that could potentially transform your life, so please make sure you begin your decision making process from the right place at Manage My Education. Some important links to get you started :www.mmenow.com – Talk to us to get started with a structured approach to selecting your overseas education, to ensure a low rejection rate and a high scholarship rate.https://www.studyinnewzealand.govt.nz/live-work/ – Learn more about how to convert your life as a student into a full time professional in NZ.https://www.immigration.govt.nz/new-zealand-visas – Contains a great tool for you to know about Skill Shortage and how you could possibly get a permanent residence in NZhttps://www.studyinnewzealand.govt.nz/in/study-options/universities/ – Browse through more of the world class universities in NZ. Dear Reader,The Universities in NZ are rated to be the top 3% in the world. It is only logical that your profile, application and merits must be within the same caliber. For years, we at Manage My Education have helped students position their profiles for Universities all across the globe. It is our honest advice to you that, you contact us and avail our services to exponentially increase your chances to secure a great education and future in NZ. We encourage you to speak to our counsellors to get the right information before making a decision to move forward.

The Reasons For Malaysian Citizens Do Not Like Gst Essay

Discussion : Many of the consumers think GST may have many of negative effect to them because their must to pay more than the original cost before the government introduces GST in Malaysia. This is some causes that may the consumer and supplier do not like GST much in Malaysia. First, I think the reasons why many of Malaysia citizen do not like GST is because general products prices may go up, so this will increase their daily expenditure budget. Second it will increase the load of the low -income working group in Malaysia as we know the basis salary in Malaysia is RM800. In the amount of RM 800, they have pay many of the other cost such as utility expenses, houses or room rate, vehicle fuel and other thing. So that it make they feel that this burden GST is distress them. In the same time they was worried if the government increase the GST rate from 6% to 10% to increase revenue because it is possible for the government increases GST rate to get more revenue to develop countries or to support th e government burden. Next in the beginning of introducing of GST that has many problems in implementation due to the lack of real understanding of the concept among GST on the supplier and consumer and to ensure that the supplier does not take any advantage of the consumer in increase the price of their product. In addition, rumors from outside also make the Malaysia citizen feel bad to the concept of this GST without check the information is true or not and without the trulyShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management Assignment3280 Words   |  14 Pagesthe name of company in the trade and marketplace and their main product was Dutch Baby Sweetened Condensed Milk. In 1984, the brand name was changed again from Dutch Baby to Dutch Lady for product positioning reason. The mission of the Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad is to help the Malaysian move forward in life with trusted daily nutrition. With the vision is to further strengthen their position as the leading dairy company, driving growth. Apart from this, there are about 22,000 employees withRead MoreGst: the Challenges Amd so on for Implementation of Gst4681 Words   |  19 Pagesservices tax (GST) is one type of indirect taxes. GST is also known as value added tax (VAT) (Behan Jenkins, 2005). Although GST and VAT have different names, they represent the same system where the cost of tax is actually borne by the end user. However, each step in the supply chain will collect the tax and will be remitted to the government. The supply chain can also claim back the GST included in the products they buy. According to Singh (2007), it is well documented that a GST can be an effectiveRead MorePromotional Exam Econs10149 Words   |  41 Pages[1] †¢ For a resource such as water from river, stream or underground water, it is non-excludable. It is too costly and almost impossible to restrict the benefits to those who pay for them (this is only in the case of water which runs across areas like the Mekong River - which cuts across countries/Yangtze River – cuts across different states). It is available, free of charge to anyone who wants to use them. OR †¢ However, water in cities, provided by the state municipality, is excludable. HouseholdsRead MoreDoing Business in the Asia/Pacific Rim Region31325 Words   |  126 Pagesof Victoria- population: 5.3 million). The nation’s capital is Canberra. With 11.25 million people in the workforce, Australia is ranked seventh in the world for overall competitiveness, (World Competitiveness Yearbook 2009). Australia is home to citizens from some 200 countries, making it the most multilingual workforce in the Asia Pacific region. More than 4.1 million Australians speak a second language (including 3 million who speak a language other than English at home). The Language Australia’s